Overview
The shoulder is one of the most flexible joints in the human body, allowing a wide range of motion. However, this flexibility also makes it vulnerable to injuries. A shoulder injury can affect muscles, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, or bones, leading to pain, weakness, and reduced mobility.
Common Causes
Overuse or repetitive motion (e.g., sports, physical labor)
Sudden trauma (e.g., falls, car accidents)
Age-related wear and tear
Poor posture or improper lifting techniques
Underlying conditions such as arthritis or rotator cuff tears
Types of Shoulder Injuries
Rotator Cuff Tear
A tear in the group of muscles and tendons that stabilize the shoulder.Frozen Shoulder (Adhesive Capsulitis)
A condition characterized by stiffness and pain, often worsening over time.Shoulder Dislocation
When the upper arm bone pops out of the shoulder socket.Shoulder Impingement
Occurs when shoulder blade rubs against the rotator cuff.Bursitis or Tendinitis
Inflammation of the bursa (fluid-filled sac) or tendons due to overuse or injury.
Symptoms
Persistent pain in or around the shoulder
Difficulty lifting or rotating the arm
Stiffness or reduced range of motion
Swelling or bruising
Weakness in the arm or shoulder
Clicking or popping sounds during movement
Diagnosis
A shoulder injury is diagnosed through:
Physical examination
Imaging tests like X-rays, MRI, or ultrasound
Patient history (including activity level and previous injuries)
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the type and severity of the injury.
Non-Surgical
Rest and ice therapy
Anti-inflammatory medications
Physical therapy and rehabilitation exercises
Corticosteroid injections
Surgical
Arthroscopic surgery
Shoulder replacement (in severe cases)
Tendon repair or reconstruction
Recovery and Rehabilitation
Most shoulder injuries can be managed with conservative treatment. Rehabilitation is crucial and includes:
Gentle stretching and strengthening exercises
Avoiding activities that strain the shoulder
Gradual return to normal activities or sports
Prevention Tips
Warm-up before physical activity
Practice proper techniques in sports and lifting
Strengthen shoulder and back muscles
Maintain good posture
Avoid overuse by taking breaks and allowing rest
When to See a Doctor
Seek medical attention if you experience:
Sudden and severe shoulder pain
Inability to move the shoulder
Swelling or visible deformity
Symptoms that don’t improve within a few days